{"id":1368,"date":"2017-10-16T11:22:10","date_gmt":"2017-10-16T10:22:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.endcorporalpunishment.net\/?page_id=1368"},"modified":"2024-11-19T17:55:51","modified_gmt":"2024-11-19T17:55:51","slug":"comoros","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/endcorporalpunishment.org\/reports-on-every-state-and-territory\/comoros\/","title":{"rendered":"Comoros"},"content":{"rendered":"\n            <div class=\"separator- glacier-section\"  id=\"section-69d79a36740ae\">\n            <div class=\"container\">\n                <section>\n                    \n<div class=\"row\">\n\t\n\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3\" style=\"background: transparent  \">\n\t\n\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/endcorporalpunishment.org\/reports-on-every-state-and-territory\/comoros-fr\/\" target=\"_self\" style=\"border-radius: 100px;\" class=\"btn btn-default  \">\n    Lire en fran\u00e7ais<\/a>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-9\" style=\"background: transparent  \">\n\t\n<div class=\"heading-block text-left heading-block-line\">\n\t<h2 class=\"special-heading\" >Country Report for Comoros<\/h2>\n\t<\/div><div class=\"text-block shortcode-container\" >\n\t<p>LAST UPDATED: November 2024<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"row\">\n\t\n\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-sm-12\" style=\"background: transparent  \">\n\t\n<div class=\"vertical\">    <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs\" role=\"tablist\">\n                    <li class=\"active\"><a href=\"#tabs-69d79a367484d0\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\"> Summary<\/a><\/li>\n                    <li ><a href=\"#tabs-69d79a367484d1\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\"> Legality <\/a><\/li>\n                    <li ><a href=\"#tabs-69d79a367484d2\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\"> UPR<\/a><\/li>\n                    <li ><a href=\"#tabs-69d79a367484d3\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\"> Treaty bodies<\/a><\/li>\n                    <li ><a href=\"#tabs-69d79a367484d4\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\"> Research<\/a><\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n\n    <div class=\"tab-content\">\n                    <div class=\"tab-pane active\" id=\"tabs-69d79a367484d0\">\n                <h3>Summary of necessary legal reform to achieve full prohibition<\/h3><p>Prohibition is still to be achieved in the home, alternative care settings, day care, penal institutions and possibly as a sentence for crime.<\/p><p>Article 106 of the Family Code 2005 confirms the power of parents and those to whom parental authority is delegated \u201cto admonish [children] excluding abuse and torture\u201d. This provision should be repealed\/amended to ensure that there is no legal defence for the use of corporal punishment in childrearing. Prohibition should be enacted of all corporal punishment and other cruel or degrading forms of punishment, in the home and all other settings where adults have authority over children.<\/p><p><em>Alternative care settings<\/em> \u2013 Prohibition of corporal punishment should be enacted in relation to all alternative care settings (foster care, institutions, places of safety, emergency care, etc).<\/p><p><em>Day care<\/em> \u2013 Corporal punishment should be prohibited in all early childhood care (nurseries, cr\u00e8ches, kindergartens, preschools, family centres, etc) and all day care for older children (day centres, after-school childcare, childminding, etc).<\/p><p><em>Penal institutions<\/em> \u2013 Prohibition of corporal punishment should be enacted in relation to disciplinary measures in all institutions accommodating children in conflict with the law.<\/p><p><em>Sentence for crime<\/em> \u2013 All judicial corporal punishment should be prohibited, including under Shari\u2019a law and in traditional customary justice systems.<\/p>            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"tab-pane \" id=\"tabs-69d79a367484d1\">\n                <h3>Current legality of corporal punishment<\/h3><h3>Home<\/h3><p>Corporal punishment is lawful in the home. According to the provisions on parental authority in the Family Code 2005, parents and those to whom parental authority is delegated have the power \u201cto admonish excluding abuse and torture\u201d (\u201cLeur pouvoir consiste \u00e0 le sermonner en excluant les s\u00e9vices et la torture\u201d) (art. 106). Articles 297 and 298 of the Penal Code 1982 punish violence against children with the exception of \u201cminor\u201d violence; minor violence is punished under article 12(7) of Law No. 81\/007 (the Code des contraventions 1981) but there is no indication that this would apply to physical punishment of children by parents. Provisions against violence and abuse in the Family Code, the Child Protection Code 2005 and the Constitution 2018, which asserts the child\u2019s right to protection from all forms of violence, are not interpreted as prohibiting all corporal punishment in childrearing.<\/p><p>The Government both accepted and rejected recommendations to prohibit corporal punishment in the home and schools made during the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) in 2009.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> In 2014, the Government had initially indicated its commitment to enacting prohibiting legislation by clearly accepting recommendations made during the 2<sup>nd<\/sup> cycle UPR to prohibit corporal punishment in all settings, stating that the new Criminal Code under discussion \u201ccontains provisions to criminalise corporal punishment\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> The draft amendments were submitted to Parliament in October 2013. In accepting the 2014 recommendations, the Government stated that it would \u201cdo everything in its power to achieve the objectives contained in these recommendations\u201d and in this connection requested support from the international community.<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a> The Government reported to the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child in May 2017 that the new Criminal Code had been adopted in 2014 and prohibits all corporal punishment \u2013 however the Code has not yet been promulgated by the President and so is not in force. We have not been able to obtain a copy of the text to verify this information and to ascertain if the \u201cpower to admonish\u201d in the Family Code is addressed.<\/p><p>During the UPR in 2019, in response to recommendations made to prohibit and eliminate corporal punishment of children, the Government declared that (unofficial translation) \u201cparents, or teachers in schools, did not use corporal punishment. That phenomenon was an exception.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a> The Government later noted those recommendations, stating that priority had to be given to awareness-raising to convince the population of the need to prohibit all corporal punishment.<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a> As a result, the Global Initiative no longer considers Comoros committed to prohibiting all corporal punishment of children without delay. During the fourth cycle UPR in 2024, the Government rejected recommendations to explicitly prohibit in all settings.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[6]<\/a><\/p><p>&nbsp;<\/p><h3>Alternative care settings<\/h3><p>Corporal punishment is lawful in alternative care settings under the power of those with parental authority \u201cto admonish\u201d children in article 106 of the Family Code 2005 (see under \u201cHome\u201d).<\/p><p>&nbsp;<\/p><h3>Day care<\/h3><p>Corporal punishment is lawful in early childhood care and in day care for older children under the power of those with parental authority \u201cto admonish\u201d children in article 106 of the Family Code 2005 (see under \u201cHome\u201d).<\/p><p>&nbsp;<\/p><h3>Schools<\/h3><p>Corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited in schools under article 5 of Law No. 20-034\/AU of 2020 revising Law No. 94-035\/AF of 2005 on Education Orientation, which states [unofficial translation]: \u201cEducational institutions guarantee respect for human rights as well as physical and moral integrity. Corporal punishment, moral abuse, harassment, and all other forms of violence are prohibited in educational institutions and are sanctioned by administrative measures and\/or legal proceedings.\u201d<\/p><p>&nbsp;<\/p><h3>Penal institutions<\/h3><p>There is no explicit prohibition of corporal punishment as a disciplinary measure in penal institutions.<\/p><p>&nbsp;<\/p><h3>Sentence for crime<\/h3><p>Corporal punishment as a sentence for crime is unlawful: there is no provision for judicial corporal punishment in the Penal Code 1982 and the Child Protection Code 2005. We have yet to confirm that corporal punishment cannot be imposed under Shari\u2019a law or in traditional community justice systems.<\/p><p>&nbsp;<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> 3 June 2009, A\/HRC\/12\/16, Report of the working group, paras. 65(31) and 66(2)<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> 15 April 2014, A\/HRC\/26\/11\/Add.1, Report of the working group: Addendum, para. 13; see also 8 November 2013, A\/HRC\/WG.6\/18\/COM\/1, National report to the UPR, para. 120<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> 19 September 2014, A\/HRC\/26\/2 Advance Unedited Version, Report of the Human Rights Council on its twenty-sixth session, para. 661<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> 25 April 2019, A\/HRC\/41\/12, Report of the Working Group, para. 114<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> 21 June 2019, A\/HRC\/41\/12\/Add.1 Advance version, Report of the Working Group: Addendum, paras. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[6]<\/a> 24 September 2024, A\/HRC\/57\/12\/Add.1, Report of the Working Group: Addendum, advance version<\/p>            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"tab-pane \" id=\"tabs-69d79a367484d2\">\n                <h3>Universal Periodic Review of Comoros\u2019 human rights record<\/h3><p>Comoros was examined in the first cycle of the Universal Periodic Review in 2009 (session 5). The following recommendations were made and were accepted by the Government:<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cConsider enacting legislation which prohibits the use of corporal punishment on children within the family and at school and promotes alternative forms of discipline (Brazil); take concrete measures by law to prevent and combat child abuse and ill-treatment of children within the family, at school, in other institutions and in society at large and to officially prohibit by law the use of corporal punishment within the family and at school (Germany)\u201d<\/p><p>However, the Government rejected the following similar recommendation:<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cInclude a specific prohibition on the use of corporal punishment within the family and at school in its legislation (Slovenia)\u201d<\/p><p>The second cycle review of Comoros took place 2014 (session 18). In its national report, the Government addressed the previous recommendations that had been made on corporal punishment, stating: \u201cThe Union of Comoros has also reconsidered its position on the use of corporal punishment within the family and in the school and has taken the appropriate steps\u2026. Corporal punishment by the family and at school (Recommendation No. 2, Slovenia) is not a practice in Comorian society. The Union of the Comoros is a country of tolerance and non-violence inhabited by a peace-loving population imbued with the humanist ideals of religion and traditions of peace, solidarity and forgiveness. In each village, the traditional structures that underpin community life operate to ensure tranquillity and coexistence. There are sanctions of a social nature. In a country where there is a cult of honour and dignity, everyone voluntarily adheres to these standards. Causing injury wilfully is an offence under the Criminal Code. The upcoming revision of the Code includes provisions prohibiting corporal punishment of children and defenceless persons. The educational inspectorate provides oversight of what goes on in the school system.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a><\/p><p>The following recommendations were made:<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cAdopt the legislation explicitly prohibiting the corporal punishment of children in all settings, including home (Slovenia);<\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cProhibit, by law, all forms of violence against children, including corporal punishment, as well as the establishment of a minimum legal age for marriage (Portugal);<\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cTake the necessary measures to prohibit the use of corporal punishment against children (France)\u201d<\/p><p>The Government accepted the recommendations, stating that \u201cthe new criminal code currently being adopted contains provisions to criminalize corporal punishment\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a><\/p><p>Third cycle examination took place in 2019 (session 32). The following recommendations were extended:<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cEnact legislation to explicitly prohibit corporal punishment of children in all settings, including at schools and home (Chile);<\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cEnact legislation which explicitly prohibits corporal punishment of children in all settings, including in the home, and repeal all legal defences for its use (Croatia);<\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cTake further steps towards eliminating corporal punishment for children in all settings (Namibia);<\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cProhibit explicitly corporal punishment on children in all environments of society, including at home and also repeal all legal exemptions which authorise its use (Uruguay)\u201d<\/p><p>The Government noted the recommendations, stating that although it was itself convinced of the harmful effects of corporal punishment on children, priority had to be given to an awareness-raising campaign before being able to consider law reform.<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a><\/p><p>Comoros was examined in the fourth cycle of the Universal Periodic Review in 2024 (session 46). The following recommendations were made:<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[8]<\/a><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cProhibit explicitly corporal punishment of children in all settings, including the home, and repeal all exculpatory grounds that authorize its use (Uruguay)\u201d<\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cTake measures to explicitly prohibit corporal punishment in all settings (Estonia)\u201d<\/p><p>The Government noted both recommendations.<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[9]<\/a><\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/p><p>&nbsp;<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> 3 June 2009, A\/HRC\/12\/16, Report of the working group, para. 65(31)<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> 3 June 2009, A\/HRC\/12\/16, Report of the working group, para. 66(2)<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> 8 November 2013, A\/HRC\/WG.6\/18\/COM\/1, National report to the UPR, paras. 62, 118, 119 and 120<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> 4 February 2014, A\/HRC\/WG.6\/18\/L.9, Draft report of the working group, paras. 112(4), 112(5) and 112(9)<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> 15 April 2014, A\/HRC\/26\/11\/Add.1, Report of the working group: Addendum, para. 13<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> 25 April 2019, A\/HRC\/41\/12, Report of the Working Group, paras. 119(9), 119(10), 119(11) and 119(13)<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> 21 June 2019, A\/HRC\/41\/12\/Add.1 Advance version, Report of the Working Group: Addendum, paras. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[8]<\/a> 24 June 2024, A\/HRC\/57\/12, Report of the Working Group, paras. 133(219) and 133(220)<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[9]<\/a> 24 September 2024, A\/HRC\/57\/12\/Add.1, Report of the Working Group: Addendum, advance version<\/p>            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"tab-pane \" id=\"tabs-69d79a367484d3\">\n                <h3>Recommendations by human rights treaty bodies<\/h3><h3><em>Committee on the Rights of the Child<\/em><\/h3><p>(23 October 2000, CRC\/C\/15\/Add.141, Concluding observations on initial report, paras. 31 and 32)<\/p><p>\u201cConcern is expressed at the insufficient awareness regarding the harmful consequences of ill-treatment and abuse of children, including sexual abuse, both within and outside the family. While aware that the draft family code aims at the protection of the dignity of the child, the Committee is concerned that the practice of corporal punishment in the home is socially and legally accepted, particularly for boys. The practice of corporal punishment in Koranic schools is also a matter of concern.<\/p><p>\u201cThe Committee recommends that the State party take effective measures, to prevent and combat child abuse and ill-treatment of children within the family, at school and in other institutions, and in society at large. Furthermore, educational programmes should be established to combat traditional attitudes in society regarding this issue. In particular, the Committee recommends that the State party include in its legislation a specific prohibition on the use of corporal punishment within the family and at school. The Committee encourages the State party to consider seeking to this effect international cooperation from, inter alia, UNICEF and international non-governmental organizations.\u201d<\/p><p>&nbsp;<\/p><h3><em>African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child<\/em><\/h3><p>([July 2017], Concluding observations on initial report, para. 18, in French only)<\/p><p>\u201cLe Comit\u00e9 reconna\u00eet les efforts d\u00e9ploy\u00e9s par l'\u00c9tat partie pour prot\u00e9ger les enfants contre les abus et la torture. Toutefois, le Comit\u00e9 note avec pr\u00e9occupation que les ch\u00e2timents corporels sont toujours inflig\u00e9s aux enfants dans les milieux familiaux et scolaires. Le Comit\u00e9 note avec une grande pr\u00e9occupation que le Code p\u00e9nal de l\u2019\u00c9tat partie l\u00e9galise les ch\u00e2timents corporels inflig\u00e9s aux enfants en milieu familial ou scolaire en tol\u00e9rant l\u2019usage des corrections \u00ab l\u00e9g\u00e8res \u00bb. Le Comit\u00e9 souhaite clarifier que la CADBE interdit toutes les formes de ch\u00e2timents corporels ind\u00e9pendamment de la fr\u00e9quence ou de la gravit\u00e9 de la peine inflig\u00e9e. Par cons\u00e9quent, le Comit\u00e9 recommande vivement \u00e0 l'\u00c9tat partie de:<\/p><p>a. Interdire les ch\u00e2timents corporels dans tous les milieux, notamment en famille, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole et dans d'autres \u00e9tablissements de soins alternatifs;<\/p><p>b. Amender la disposition du code p\u00e9nal qui l\u00e9galise les ch\u00e2timents corporels en milieu familial et scolaire et de proscrire les ch\u00e2timents corporels sous le r\u00e9gime juridique comorien;<\/p><p>c. Proscrire explicitement toutes les formes de ch\u00e2timents corporels du Code p\u00e9nal et d\u2019infliger des sanctions aux personnes qui les pratiquent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard des enfants;<\/p><p>d. Sensibiliser la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 sur la parentalit\u00e9 positive et \u00e0 la discipline des enfants. \u00bb<\/p>            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"tab-pane \" id=\"tabs-69d79a367484d4\">\n                <p>None identified.<\/p>            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n                <\/section>\n            <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lire en fran\u00e7ais Country Report for Comoros LAST UPDATED: November 2024 Summary Legality UPR Treaty bodies Research Summary of necessary legal reform to achieve full prohibitionProhibition is still to be achieved in the home, alternative care settings, day care, penal institutions and possibly as a sentence for crime.Article 106 of the Family Code 2005 confirms [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":1301,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1368","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/endcorporalpunishment.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1368","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/endcorporalpunishment.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/endcorporalpunishment.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/endcorporalpunishment.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/endcorporalpunishment.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1368"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/endcorporalpunishment.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1368\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26828,"href":"https:\/\/endcorporalpunishment.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1368\/revisions\/26828"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/endcorporalpunishment.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1301"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/endcorporalpunishment.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1368"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}